Vkhutemas
Vkhutemas was a Russian state art and technical school founded in 1920 in Moscow. It was a center for three major movements in avant garde art and architecture: constructivism, rationalism, and suprematism. The school was dissolved in 1930, following political and internal pressures throughout its ten-year existence.
About Vkhutemas in brief
Vkhutemas was a Russian state art and technical school founded in 1920 in Moscow. It was a center for three major movements in avant garde art and architecture: constructivism, rationalism, and suprematism. The school was dissolved in 1930, following political and internal pressures throughout its ten-year existence. It’s faculty, students, and legacy were dispersed into as many as six other schools. The art faculty taught courses in graphics, sculpture and architecture while the industrial faculty taught course in printing, textiles, ceramics, woodworking, and metalworking. Artists moved from department to department, such as Rodchenko from painting to metalworking, Gustav Klutsis, who was head of a workshop on colour theory, also from painting and exhibition stands and kiosks. The primary movements in art which influenced education at VkhUTemas were constructivism and suprematist, although individuals were versatile enough to fit into many or no movements—often teaching in multiple departments and working in diverse media. Class-based political requirements steered artists toward the designing of household or industrial goods, and found in 1926, 1927, and 1927 that the Central Party Committee of the Communist Party was significant in respect to the class-based requirements of the school.
The first year students had to learn the language of plastic forms, and chromatics. Drawing was considered a foundation of the plastic arts, and students investigated relationships between color and form, and the principles of spatial composition. All first-year students were required to attend a preliminary basic course, which gave a more abstract foundation to the technical work in the studios. In the early 1920s this basic course consisted of the following: In 1926, the school was reorganized under a new rector and its name was changed from “Studios” to “Institute”, or Vkhutein. It was changed again to Vkhutamas in 1929. The artistic education at the school tended to be multidisciplinary, which stemmed from its origins as a merger of a fine arts college and a craft school. Painters and sculptors often made projects related to architecture; examples include Tatlin’s Tower, Malevich’s Architektons, and Rodchenko’s Spatial Constructions. El Lissitzky, who had trained as an architect, also worked in a broad section of media such as graphics, print and exhibition design.
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This page is based on the article Vkhutemas published in Wikipedia (as of Nov. 01, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
