Manmohan Singh

Who Was Manmohan Singh?

Was he just another politician, or did his journey shape India’s destiny in profound ways? Born on September 26, 1932, in Gah, West Punjab, Pakistan (now part of Pakistan), Manmohan Singh’s family migrated to India after the partition in 1947. His path from a young economist at Cambridge University to becoming the 13th Prime Minister of India is nothing short of remarkable.

Early Life and Education

From Economics Tripos to DPhil: Singh’s academic journey began with his completion of the Economics Tripos at the University of Cambridge in 1957. He was a member of St John’s College, where he laid the foundation for his future career as an economist and politician.

Was it the teachings of Joan Robinson and Nicholas Kaldor that ignited his passion for shaping human affairs through politics? Or did his Cambridge days simply prepare him for the challenges ahead?

Career in Academia

From Teacher to Advisor: After returning to India, Singh taught at Panjab University and later pursued a DPhil from Oxford. His academic career was marked by roles as a senior lecturer, advisor to the Ministry of Foreign Trade, professor of international trade, chief economic adviser, and governor of the Reserve Bank of India.

How did these diverse experiences shape his approach to governance?

Key Positions in Government

From Finance Minister to Prime Minister: Singh’s career took a significant turn when he was appointed as finance minister in 1991. The economic crisis that year, with a fiscal deficit of close to 8.5% and a balance of payments deficit, required bold action. He successfully deregulated the economy, eliminating the permit raj and reducing state control.

Was it his experience as finance minister that made him the ideal candidate for prime minister?

Prime Ministerial Tenure

From 2004 to 2014: Singh’s tenure as Prime Minister was marked by significant reforms and projects. He introduced the National Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), initiated the Golden Quadrilateral highway project, and worked on banking sector reforms. His government also passed the Right to Information Act and the Right to Education Act.

How did these initiatives impact India’s growth and development?

Foreign Policy

From Vajpayee to Singh: Singh continued the pragmatic foreign policy initiated by his predecessors. He worked towards peace with Pakistan, improved relations with China, Afghanistan, and other nations, and signed a civilian nuclear agreement with the United States.

Did these efforts bring India closer to its global aspirations?

Criticism and Controversies

From Coal Scandals to Health Initiatives: Singh faced criticism over his handling of coal block allocations, but he also initiated significant health reforms like the National Rural Health Mission and the Right to Education Act. His tenure was marked by both success and controversy.

How did these mixed reviews impact his legacy?

Personal Life

A Family Man with a Heart of Gold: Singh married Gursharan Kaur in 1958, and they had three daughters. His personal life was marked by integrity and dedication to public service.

Was his family the driving force behind his commitment to public service?

Legacy and Death

A Life of Service: Singh’s journey from a young economist to India’s Prime Minister is a testament to his dedication and vision. His death in 2024 at the age of 92 marked the end of an era, but his legacy lives on through the reforms he initiated.

Will Manmohan Singh be remembered as one of India’s most revered leaders?

Manmohan Singh’s life and career were a blend of academic excellence, political acumen, and unwavering commitment. His journey from Cambridge University to the Prime Minister’s Office is a story that continues to inspire many. Will he be remembered as an underachiever or one of India’s most revered leaders? The answer lies in the hearts and minds of those who witnessed his leadership.