Republic of Ireland

Ireland, also known as the Republic of Ireland, is a country in north-western Europe occupying 26 of 32 counties of the island of Ireland. The state was created as the Irish Free State in 1922 as a result of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. It is a unitary, parliamentary republic with an elected President who serves as the largely ceremonial head of state. The head of government is the Taoiseach, who is elected by the Dáil and appointed by the President.

About Republic of Ireland in brief

Ireland, also known as the Republic of Ireland, is a country in north-western Europe occupying 26 of 32 counties of the island of Ireland. The state was created as the Irish Free State in 1922 as a result of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. The head of government is the Taoiseach, who is elected by the Dáil and appointed by the President. Ireland ranks among the top ten wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita, and as the tenth most prosperous country in the World according to The Legatum Prosperity Index 2015. The Irish economy was the fastest growing in the EU in 2015, and, by 2019, was ranked third most developed country in world by the United Nations Human Development Index. Ireland is a member of the European Union and is a founding member. of the Council of Europe and the OECD. The country has followed a policy of military neutrality through non-alignment since immediately prior to World War II and the country is consequently not a members of NATO. It is a unitary, parliamentary republic with an elected President who serves as the largely ceremonial head of state, but with some important powers and duties. The state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland which is part of the United Kingdom. It is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Celtic Sea to the south, St George’s Channel to south-east, and the Irish sea to the east. Around 40% of the country’s population of 4.9 million people resides in the Greater Dublin Area, which is located on the eastern side of the Irish island.

During the Famine, from 1845 to 1849, the island’s population fell by over 8million. This set the pattern of emigration to the United States, resulting in a constant decline in population for the rest of the century. In an Irish context it is often referred to as ‘the 26 Counties’ or ‘the republican state’ The state had the status of Dominion until 1937 when a new constitution was adopted, in which the state was named ‘Ireland’ and effectively became a republic. It was officially declared a republic in 1949. It joined the European Economic Community, the predecessor to the European EU, in 1973. Ireland achieved considerable prosperity between the years of 1995 and 2007, which became known as ‘Celtic Tiger period’ This was halted by an unprecedented financial crisis that began in 2008, in conjunction with the concurrent global economic crash. Since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, the Irish government and Northern Ireland Executive have co-operated on a number of policy areas under the NorthSouth Ministerial Council created by the Agreement. The Irish government had no formal relations with Northern Irish for most of the twentieth century, but during the 1980s and 1990s the British and Irish governments worked with the Northern Ireland parties towards a resolution to \”the Troubles\”. It was not until the 1998 Good Friday agreement that it used the name ‘Republic of Ireland’ for the state.

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