Sir Muhammad Iqbal was a poet and politician from Punjab, British India. His poetry in Urdu, Punjabi and Persian is considered to be among the greatest of the modern era. His vision of an independent state for the Muslims of British India was to inspire the creation of Pakistan. He encouraged and worked closely with Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
About Muhammad Iqbal in brief
Sir Muhammad Iqbal was a poet and politician from Punjab, British India. His poetry in Urdu, Punjabi and Persian is considered to be among the greatest of the modern era. His vision of an independent state for the Muslims of British India was to inspire the creation of Pakistan. He encouraged and worked closely with Muhammad Ali Jinnah, and he is known as Muffakir-e-Pakistan and Hakeem-ul-Ummat. He is officially recognised as the \”national poet\” in Pakistan. The anniversary of his birth on 9 November is a holiday in Pakistan, and his poetry is considered one of the best in the world. He was a strong proponent of the political and spiritual revival of Islamic civilisation across the world, but specifically in India. In Iran, where he is highly regarded for his Persian works, he is referred to as Iqbāl-e Lāhorī. He died in Lahore, Pakistan, in 1947. He had a son, Aftab, and a daughter, Mi’ra Begam, who died soon after birth. He also had two children: a daughter-in-law, Karim Bibi, and an son, Aftab Begam. His wife died in 1916, and the couple were unhappy in their marriage and eventually divorced. He later became a prominent member of the All India Muslim League, and was one of its most prominent leaders. He wrote about his being ‘a son of Kashmiri-Brahmans but acquainted with the wisdom of Rumi and Tabriz’ He was also a strong advocate of secular European education for the Muslim community in British India, in the tradition of Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan and Sir Arnold Thomas.
He went on to become a leading scholar of Islam and Islamism. His works include The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, which was published in 1885. In his 1930 presidential address, he called for a state in northwestern India for Indian Muslims, and called for the establishment of an Islamic state in the name of the Islamic state of Pakistan, which would be ruled by an Islamic caliphate. He has been called the ‘father of modern Islam’ and ‘the father of modern Islamic thought’ He is also known as ‘The Father of the Urdu Language’ and the ‘Father of Urdu Poetry’ His poetry has been described as ‘one of the greatest in the history of the world’ and his works have been called ‘a masterpiece of modern Urdu poetry’ He also wrote a number of works in Persian, including Asrar-e.Khudi, which brought a knighthood, and Rumuz-e the Bekhudi, and Bang-e Thee-Dara, which earned him a dignity of honor from the Islamic State of Iran. His poems have been translated into English, German, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and Arabic. His son Afta Begam was a physician.
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