Merrick Garland

Who is Merrick Garland and Why Does He Matter?

Merrick Garland, born November 13, 1952, has carved a significant path in American legal history. As the 86th US Attorney General since 2021, his journey from Harvard Law School to the Supreme Court nomination and back is nothing short of remarkable. But who exactly is this man behind the title?

From Lincolnwood to Harvard

Growing up in Lincolnwood, Illinois, Garland’s academic prowess was evident early on. He graduated valedictorian from Niles West High School and went on to become a Presidential Scholar and National Merit Scholar. His journey to Harvard Law School was paved with accolades, where he served as the editor of the Harvard Law Review. This background sets the stage for his future legal career.

A Journey Through Legal Practice and Prosecution

Garland’s path to becoming a federal prosecutor was not without its twists. After working as a law clerk, he joined Arnold & Porter in 1981, where he took on cases that would shape his legal philosophy. His work on the insurance company case in 1983 highlighted his commitment to thorough judicial review and his belief in the ‘hard look’ standard of review by courts.

From Private Practice to Public Service

In 1993, Garland joined the Clinton administration as deputy assistant attorney general. His work on high-profile cases like the Oklahoma City bombing earned him praise from both sides of the political aisle. This experience laid the groundwork for his future roles in government and the judiciary.

Garland’s Judicial Career: A Moderate Voice

Garland’s judicial career began with a bang, as he was nominated to the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit in 1995. His tenure on this court saw him handling cases that tested his principles and legal acumen. He received a ‘well-qualified’ rating from the American Bar Association and had Justice Brennan recommend him for the position.

Key Cases and Opinions

In Deregulation and Judicial Review (1985), Garland argued for a balanced approach to judicial review, emphasizing the importance of deference to regulatory agencies. His opinion in Alexander v. Daley (2003) demonstrated his commitment to reasonable regulation, even when it conflicted with personal beliefs.

First Amendment and Whistleblower Protections

Garland’s rulings on First Amendment rights reflect a broader view of open government. His decision in U.S. Postal Service (2005), which held that a U.S. Postal Service regulation violated the First Amendment, is a testament to his belief in protecting free speech.

The Supreme Court Nomination and Beyond

In 2016, President Barack Obama nominated Garland for the Supreme Court seat vacated by Justice Antonin Scalia. However, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell blocked the nomination, leading to a historic 293-day delay. This event marked a significant moment in American political history.

Attorney General: A New Chapter

Garland’s confirmation as US Attorney General under President Joe Biden in 2021 brought him back into the public eye. His tenure has seen numerous high-profile cases and policy changes, including a moratorium on federal executions and increased focus on voting rights.

Conclusion

Merrick Garland’s journey from a young lawyer to one of America’s most respected jurists is a testament to his dedication and intellect. His career spans decades of legal practice, prosecution, and judicial service, making him a pivotal figure in American law.