Henry III of England
Henry III was King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death. He was known for his piety, holding lavish religious ceremonies and giving generously to charities. He extracted huge sums of money from the Jews in England, ultimately crippling their ability to do business. Henry died in 1272, leaving Edward as his successor. Some miracles were declared after his death; however, he was not canonised in Winchester Castle.
About Henry III of England in brief
Henry III was King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death. The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême, Henry assumed the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons’ War. His early rule was dominated first by Hubert de Burgh and then Peter des Roches, who re-established royal authority after the war. Henry was known for his piety, holding lavish religious ceremonies and giving generously to charities. He extracted huge sums of money from the Jews in England, ultimately crippling their ability to do business, and introduced the Statute of Jewry, attempting to segregate the community. Henry died in 1272, leaving Edward as his successor. Some miracles were declared after his death; however, he was not canonised in Winchester Castle. He was buried in Westminster Abbey, which he had rebuilt in the second half of his reign, and was moved to his current tomb in 1290. He is buried alongside his wife Eleanor of Provence, with whom he had five children – Richard, Joan, Isabella and Eleanor – and various illegitimate siblings – Ralph, Ralph D’Aubigny and Ralph St. Samson. Henry had four legitimate brothers and four illegitimate sisters. He looked after his early life after a nurse called Ellen called Ellen in the south of England called Ellen of England. Henry’s early military training was given to him by Bishop of Winchester; under his direction, Henry was given military training by Philip D’ Aubigny, who taught him how to ride and to kill.
He had four illegitimate brothers and two illegitimate sisters, who were taught to ride away by Ralph D’Aubagny. Henry’s eldest son, Edward, escaped from captivity to defeat de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham the following year and freed his father. Henry and the baronial government enacted a peace with France in 1259, under which Henry gave up his rights to his other lands in France in return for King Louis IX recognising him as the rightful ruler of Gascony. In 1263, Henry persuaded Louis to support his cause and mobilised an army. The Battle of Lewes occurred in 1264, where Henry was defeated and taken prisoner. Henry initially enacted a harsh revenge on the remaining rebels, but was persuaded by the Church to mollify his policies through the Dictum of Kenilworth. By 1258, Henry’s rule was increasingly unpopular, the result of the failure of his expensive foreign policies and the notoriety of his Poitevin half-brothers, the Lusignans, as well as the role of his local officials in collecting taxes and debts. Henry supported his brother Richard of Cornwall in his bid to become King of the Romans in 1256, but he was unable to place his own son Edmund Crouchback on the throne of Sicily, despite investing large amounts of money. He planned to go on crusade to the Levant but was prevented from doing so by rebellions in Gas Cony.
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This page is based on the article Henry III of England published in Wikipedia (as of Dec. 08, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
