Fibromyalgia

The treatment of fibromyalgia can be difficult. Recommendations often include getting enough sleep, exercising regularly, and eating a healthy diet. Cognitive behavioral therapy may also be helpful. The medications duloxetine, milnacipran, or pregabalin may be used. Use of opioid pain medication is controversial, with some stating their usefulness is poorly supported by evidence.

About Fibromyalgia in brief

Fibromyalgia is a medical condition characterized by chronic widespread pain and a heightened pain response to pressure. Other symptoms include tiredness to a degree that normal activities are affected, sleep problems and troubles with memory. While fibromyalgia can last a long time, it does not result in death or tissue damage. It is estimated to affect 2–8% of the population. Women are affected about twice as often as men. There is controversy about the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of Fibromyalgia. Some people feel the diagnosis may negatively affect a person, but other research finds it to be beneficial. The treatment of fibromyalgia can be difficult. Recommendations often include getting enough sleep, exercising regularly, and eating a healthy diet. Cognitive behavioral therapy may also be helpful. The medications duloxetine, milnacipran, or pregabalin may be used. Use of opioid pain medication is controversial, with some stating their usefulness is poorly supported by evidence and others saying that weak opioids may be reasonable if other medications are not effective. A 2007 review divides individuals with fibromyaggia into four groups as well as mixed types. Many people experience cognitive problems, which may be characterized by impaired concentration, cognitive overload, short-term memory consolidation, impaired speed by speed, multi-task performance, and diminished attention span. The pain appears to result from processes in the central nervous system and the condition is referred to as a ‘central sensitization syndrome’ The condition runs in families and many genes are believed to be involved.

Environmental factors may include psychological stress, trauma, and certain infections. The condition is classified as a disorder of pain processing due to abnormalities in how pain signals are processed in theCentral nervous system. The American College of Rheumatology classifies it as being a functional somatic syndrome. The European League Against Rheumatism classifies fibromy autoimmune disorder as a neurobiological disorder and, as a result, exclusively gives pharmacotherapy their highest level of support. The International Classification of Diseases lists it as a diagnosable disease under ‘Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue,’ under the code M79-7, and states it should be classified as ‘functional somatic Syndrome’ rather than a mental disorder. The term ‘fibro-pain’ is from New Latin fibro-, meaning ‘muscle and fibrous tissues’ and ‘ pain’. It was first defined in 1990, with updated criteria in 2011. It may be classified on the presence of chronic pain in the neck, back areas, cystitis, myoclonic twitches, and symptomatic low blood sugar. It can also be based on localized chronic pain, such as localized back pain, chronic neck pain, and irritable bowel syndrome, genitourinary symptoms, interstitial cystitus, and functional bowel disturbances. The symptoms may also include tingling of the skin, prolonged muscle spasms, weakness in the limbs, nerve pain, muscle twitching, palpitations and functional Bowel disturbances.

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