Election
An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century. The universal use of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern representative democracies is in contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype, ancient Athens.
About Election in brief
An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century. The universal use of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern representative democracies is in contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype, ancient Athens. Elections were used as early in history as ancient Greece and ancient Rome, and throughout the Medieval period to select rulers such as the Holy Roman Emperor and the pope. The first recorded popular elections of officials to public office, by majority vote, date back to the Ephors of Sparta in 754 B. C. The question of who may vote is a central issue in elections. The electorate does not generally include the entire population; for example, many countries prohibit those who are under the age of majority voting, all at a minimum age. In Australia, Aboriginal people were not given the right to vote until the federal government removed the rights of prisoners for 3 years or more to vote in 1962. In the European Union, one can vote in municipal elections if one lives in a municipality and is an EU citizen; the nationality of the country of residence is not required by law. In some countries, if an eligible voter does not cast a vote, he or she may be subject to punitive measures such as a fine. In Western Australia, the penalty for a first time offender failing to vote is 20 USD, which increases the penalty to 50 USD if refused to vote, which is a penalty of 50 USD, if the offender fails to vote for more than two years in a row, and if the first offender is refused the fine is increased to 50USD, which increased the fine to 20USD, if refused for a third time to 20 USD.
The penalty for first time offenders failing tovote is a fine of up to 50 dollars, which increase the fine for a fourth time to 50 Dollar, if it is the first time the offender does not vote for two or more years. The fine for failing toVote is also increased to 20 dollars if the offenders are not citizens of the Western European Union and are not from a Western European country. The penalties for failing to vote are also increased if the offences are not punishable by jail time or a fine, which can be as high as $50,000, if they are from Western Europe or the U.S., or if the offence is from a non-Western European country, such as Australia, Canada, or the United States. The questions of suffrage, especially suffrage for minority groups, have dominated the history of elections, and continue to do so in many countries. Early elections in countries like the United Kingdom and the. United States were dominated by landed or ruling class males. However, by 1920 all Western European and North American democracies had universal adult male suffrage and many countries began to consider women’s suffrage. Despite legally mandated universal Suffrage for adult males, political barriers were sometimes erected to prevent fair access to elections.
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This page is based on the article Election published in Wikipedia (as of Dec. 06, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
