Acute myeloid leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia is characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal cells. Symptoms include feeling tired, shortness of breath, easy bruising and bleeding. Risk factors include smoking, previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy, myelodysplastic syndrome, and exposure to the chemical benzene.
About Acute myeloid leukemia in brief
Acute myeloid leukemia is characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal cells. Symptoms include feeling tired, shortness of breath, easy bruising and bleeding. Risk factors include smoking, previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy, myelodysplastic syndrome, and exposure to the chemical benzene. In 2015, AML affected about one million people and resulted in 147,000 deaths globally. AML typically is initially treated with chemotherapy, with the aim of inducing remission. The specific genetic mutations present within the cancer cells may guide therapy, as well as determine how long that person is likely to survive. The five-year survival rate is about 35% in people under 60 years old. Older people whose health is too poor for intensive chemotherapy have a typical survival of five to ten months. It accounts for roughly 1. 8% of cancer deaths in the United States. The exact risk depends on the type of MDSMPN. The presence of asymptomatic clonal hematopoiesis also raises the risk of transformation into AML to 0. 5–1. 0% per year. Other blood disorders, chemical exposures, ionizing radiation, and genetics are also risk factors for developing AML. The first sign of leukemia may be the development of a solid leukemic mass or tumor outside of the bone marrow, called a chloroma. Lymph node swelling is rare in AML, in contrast to acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The skin is involved about 10% of the time in the form of leukemia cutis.
Rarely, Sweet’s syndrome, a paraneoplastic inflammation of the skin, can occur with AMl. Some people with AML may experience swelling of the gums because of infiltration ofLeukemia cells into the gum tissue. A lack of normal white blood cell production makes people more susceptible to infections. A drop in red blood cell count can cause fatigue, paleness, and shortness Of breath. Enlargement of the spleen may occur in AMl, but it is typically mild and asymPTomatic. High amounts of radiation exposure can increase the risk. Survivors of atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki had an increased rate of increased risk of AML if exposed to high levels of radiologists. If any of these factors are attributable to high exposure to benzene, there is a slight risk of increased AML risk if you have any, if any, of being exposed to radiologists or radiologists in the U.S. or Japan. The risk is highest about three to five years after chemotherapy, specifically epipodophyllotoxins and anthrclines. Other chemotherapy agents have also been associated with specific leukemias which are often associated withspecific chromosomal abnormalities in the leukeMias. The cancer is typically fatal within weeks or months if left untreated. It most commonly occurs in older adults, and Males are affected more often than females. It is more common in men than women.
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This page is based on the article Acute myeloid leukemia published in Wikipedia (as of Dec. 03, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
