4B movement

4B: The Radical Feminist Movement That Shook South Korea

Imagine a world where women are free from the shackles of societal expectations, where they can choose their paths without fear or judgment. This is the vision behind 4B, a radical feminist movement that emerged in South Korea with a bold message: ‘No’ to traditional gender roles.

The term ‘bi’ (meaning ‘no’) encapsulates the four core tenets of this movement: bihon (no marriage), bichulsan (no childbirth), biyeonae (no romance), and bisekseu (no sexual relationships). These principles challenge the very fabric of what it means to be a woman in a patriarchal society, where women are often seen as tools for procreation or objects of desire.

But how did this movement gain traction? It all started on Twitter and Womad websites around 2017-2018. The estimated membership was around 4,000 in 2019, a number that might seem small but carries significant weight when it comes to social change.

However, the journey of 4B is not without its controversies. Some members have been criticized for their stance on transphobia and homophobia, which has led to internal disputes within the movement. The website Womad, where many members found a community, was openly misandric, homophobic, and transphobic, advocating for revenge against men and threatening violence.

Origins and Inspiration

The 4B movement draws inspiration from other feminist movements such as UnniNetwork, MeToo, and ‘Escape the Corset.’ These movements have all played a crucial role in empowering women to speak out against oppression. The 4B movement is a reaction to social media content, particularly misogynistic platforms like Ilbe Storehouse, which grew in prominence in 2014.

It gained recognition on Twitter in 2019 and through feminist social media accounts where members often identify as ‘anonymous women.’ The movement was inspired by the ‘Escape the Corset’ Movement, which calls for women to liberate themselves from sexual, social, bodily, and psychological oppression. This is a powerful message that resonates with many women who feel trapped in societal norms.

Challenging Patriarchal Expectations

The 4B movement opposes South Korea’s patriarchal state and its pro-natalist policies, which view women’s bodies as tools for the state. Feminists in the movement resist enforced gendered expectations in areas like child-rearing, relationships, employment, beauty standards, and consumerism.

Alternative forms of protest include defying rigid beauty norms and traditional gendered expectations by shaving heads or choosing not to wear bras. These actions are symbolic gestures that challenge societal norms and highlight the freedom women should have to make their own choices.

The #MeToo Movement’s Influence

The #MeToo movement in South Korea was a turning point for many women, encouraging them to express their experiences of sexual harassment and violence. The movement inspired online hashtag campaigns and the formation of women’s activist groups such as Citizens Action to Support the #MeToo Movement.

These movements have given voice to countless women who had previously felt silenced or ashamed. By sharing their stories, they have sparked a broader conversation about consent, respect, and equality in society.

The 4B Movement’s Impact

Despite its significance, the 4B movement has lost momentum since its early days, with estimated membership ranging from 500 to 4,000 participants. However, it has gained interest in the United States, particularly among American women who expressed support for the movement as a form of protest against Donald Trump’s election and his alleged sexual assaults.

The 4B movement is considered fringe in South Korea, with some critics arguing that it does not represent Korean feminist politics. The movement also faces internal disputes about transphobia and homophobia, with some radical feminists holding beliefs that are deemed unacceptable by others within the movement.

Conclusion

The 4B movement is a testament to the resilience of women fighting for their rights in a world where traditional gender roles still hold sway. It challenges us to question our own assumptions and to support movements that seek to liberate all individuals from oppressive norms. As we continue to navigate the complexities of modern society, let us remember the power of solidarity and the importance of creating spaces where everyone can thrive.