The region that is now Northern Ireland was long inhabited by native Gaels who were Irish-speaking and Catholic. It was made up of several Gaelic kingdoms and territories, and was part of the province of Ulster. During the 16th century English conquest of Ireland, Ulster was the province most resistant to English control. In 1788, the Treaty of Breda was signed between the English and the Irish, ending the English rule in Ireland.
About Northern Ireland in brief
Northern Ireland was created in 1921, when Ireland was partitioned by the Government of Ireland Act 1920. The majority of Northern Ireland’s population were unionists, who wanted to remain within the United Kingdom. Meanwhile, the majority in Southern Ireland were Irish nationalists and Catholics who wanted a united independent Ireland. In the late 1960s, a campaign to end discrimination against Catholics and nationalists was opposed by loyalists. This unrest sparked the Troubles, a thirty-year conflict involving republican and loyalist paramilitaries and state forces. The 1998 Good Friday Agreement was a major step in the peace process, including paramilitary disarmament and security normalisation. Northern Ireland competes separately at the Commonwealth Games, and people from Northern Ireland may compete for either Great Britain or Ireland at the Olympic Games. In many sports, the island of Ireland fields a single team, a notable exception being association football. The region that is now Northern Ireland was long inhabited by native Gaels who were Irish-speaking and Catholic. It was made up of several Gaelic kingdoms and territories, and was part of the province of Ulster. During the 16th century English conquest of Ireland, Ulster was the province most resistant to English control. In 1607, the lands were confiscated by the Crown and colonized with English-speaking Protestant settlers from Britain. The rebels of 1641 began an anti-Catholic discrimination,governance, and roll back the Plantation. It developed into the wider Wars of the Three Kingdoms, which ended with the English Parliament’s conquest of Limerick in 1715.
Many more Scots migrated to Ulster during the Scottish famine of 1690, and are still celebrated by some Protestants in Northern Ireland. The Protestantism of the 1690s led to the Battle of Derry and Battle of Boyne and the creation of the Ulster-Scots. In 1788, the Treaty of Breda was signed between the English and the Irish, ending the English rule in Ireland. This led to a series of wars between the two countries, including the First and Second World Wars. The Treaty was signed in 1798, and the Treaty was later amended to end the Second World War. The treaty was signed by the British and Irish governments, with the British taking control of the Irish Sea. The Irish Sea was the last part of Ireland to become part of Britain in 1829. The British government took control of Ireland in 1922, and later the Irish Free State in 1922. The United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland share a border to the south and west with Northern Ireland, and share a population of 1,810,863. The Northern Ireland Assembly holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters, while other areas are reserved for the British government. Today, the former generally see themselves as British and the latter generally see itself as Irish, while a Northern Irish or Ulster identity is claimed by a large minority from all backgrounds. In 2011, Northern Ireland constituting about 30% of the island’s population and about 3% of UK’s population.
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This page is based on the article Northern Ireland published in Wikipedia (as of Jan. 30, 2021) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
