Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic. Caesar is considered by many historians to be one of the greatest military commanders in history. He was assassinated by a group of rebellious senators led by Brutus and Cassius, who stabbed him to death. His great-nephew and adopted heir Octavian, later known as Augustus, rose to sole power after defeating his opponents in a civil war.
About Julius Caesar in brief
Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic. Caesar is considered by many historians to be one of the greatest military commanders in history. He was assassinated by a group of rebellious senators led by Brutus and Cassius, who stabbed him to death. His great-nephew and adopted heir Octavian, later known as Augustus, rose to sole power after defeating his opponents in a civil war. His cognomen was subsequently adopted as a synonym for \”Emperor\”; the title was used throughout the Roman Empire, giving rise to modern cognates such as Kaiser and Tsar. He has frequently appeared in literary and artistic works, and his political philosophy, known as Caesarism, inspired politicians into the modern era. Caesar was born into a patrician family, the gens Julia, which claimed descent from Julus, son of the legendary Trojan prince Aeneas. His mother, Aurelia Cotta, came from an influential family of Alban origin, which settled in Rome around the mid-7th century BC, following the destruction of Alba Longa. The Julii also existed at an early period at Bovillae, evidenced by a very ancient inscription on an altar in the theatre of that town, which speaks of their offering sacrifices according to the lege Albana, or Alban rites.
Despite their ancient pedigree, the Julii were not especially influential politically, although they enjoyed some political revival of their fortunes in the early 1st century BC. In 85 BC, Caesar’s father died suddenly, so one of his most prominent figures in the Republic was the head of the province of Asia, Gaius Marius. His aunt, Julia, married one of Julius Caesar’s most prominent relatives, the Gens Marius, and so Caesar’s name became associated with the province. He died in 44 BC and was succeeded by his nephew, Caesar, who went on to become the first Roman emperor. He is buried in the Capitoline Cemetery in Rome, along with his sister Julia, his mother Aurelia, his sister Marius and his brother-in-law Julius Caesar. His son Julius Caesar was killed in battle during the Second Punic War in 49 BC. Caesar’s grandson, Julius Caesar, was the last Roman emperor to die in office, and is buried at the Pantheon in Rome. Caesar died in a battle in 48 BC, and was buried in a sarcophagus with his wife Julia, who was buried next to him in the Forum of the Flavians. He had a daughter, Julia Julia, with whom he had a son, Julius Julius Caesar II, who died in 43 BC. His grandson, Caesar III, was buried at Caesarean Amphibian, near the city of Caesarea, in the Roman province of Pannonia, in what is now known as the Julian Alps.
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This page is based on the article Julius Caesar published in Wikipedia (as of Dec. 17, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
