Japanese battleship Haruna

Haruna: A Legendary Battleship of Imperial Japan

Imagine a warship that could have been straight out of a steampunk novel, with its massive guns and intricate design. That’s Haruna, the Kongō-class battlecruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War I and II.

The Birth of a Battleship

Haruna was laid down in 1912, built with most parts manufactured in Japan due to a shortage of available slipways. Her main battery consisted of eight 14-inch heavy-caliber guns in four twin turrets, which were noted for their similarity to British 15-inch turrets but with improvements made in flash-tightness.

From Battlecruiser to Battleship

During her reconstruction into a battleship, Haruna’s secondary armament was modified to include 8 six-inch guns, twelve 5-in dual-purpose guns, and finally one hundred and eight Type 96 antiaircraft autocannon in 1944. This transformation from battlecruiser to battleship is like seeing a sleek sports car turn into a rugged off-road vehicle.

Operational History

Haruna patrolled off the Chinese coast, transported troops to China, and engaged American forces at various Pacific Theater locations during WWII. She was sunk by aircraft on July 28, 1945, while stationed at Kure Naval Base. Her operational history is a testament to her versatility and resilience.

Reconstructions and Modernizations

In July 1926, Haruna underwent extensive modernization and modification at Yokosuka Naval Arsenal. Anti-torpedo bulges were added along her waterline and three Type 90 floatplanes were installed. Her machinery spaces were increased and Brown-Curtis turbines were installed, replacing older boilers.

Engagement in Battles

Haruna was involved in the Battle of Midway, where she took on survivors from destroyed Japanese aircraft carriers before returning to Japan. In September 1942, Haruna transferred to Truk Lagoon and sortied into the Solomon Islands as part of Admiral Kondō’s 2nd Fleet.

Final Days

In October 1944, Haruna departed Lingga as part of Admiral Takao Kurita’s center force during the Battle of Leyte Gulf. The plan had hiccups, with US submarines sinking Japanese cruisers, forcing Haruna to withdraw from the battle.

Conclusion

Haruna’s journey through World War II is a story of transformation and resilience. From her initial commission as a battlecruiser in 1915 to her final days as a fast battleship, Haruna embodied the spirit of Imperial Japan’s naval might. Her legacy lives on as a symbol of the complexities and challenges faced by nations during times of conflict.