Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. They were discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Phagocytosis is the process of taking in bacteria, parasites, dead and host cells by a chain of molecular processes. The name comes from the Greek phagein, ‘to eat’ or ‘devour’, and ‘cyte’ ‘cell’ – ‘hollow vessel’
About Phagocyte in brief
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Phagocytosis is the process of taking in bacteria, parasites, dead and host cells by a chain of molecular processes. The name comes from the Greek phagein, ‘to eat’ or ‘devour’, and ‘cyte’ ‘cell’ – ‘hollow vessel’ Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocyte, which suggests that phag cells appeared early in the evolution of life. They are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan. Many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks byphagocytes, such as the use of oxidants and nitric oxide to evade phagocyTosis. The main difference between professional and non-professional phagcells is that the professional phag Cells have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, suchas bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagein is a suffix in biology denoting ‘cell’, while kutos is a word for a hollow vessel. The phag cell is called a ‘phagocyte’ when it has receptors on its surface that are bound to molecules called’receptors’ that are on the surface of the cell.
The receptors on the Phagocyte’s surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by thePhagocyte. Once this happens, it takes on average nine minutes inside a human neutrophils on a human body to engulf a bacterium. Some phagarticles then travel to the body’s lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved ways of evading attacks by phag ocytes. In 1903, Almroth Wright discovered that phageins were reinforced by specific antibodies that he called opsonins, ‘a dressing or relish’ from the Greek opson, ‘dressing or dressing’ In the early 20th century, the intricate relationships between phagicles and all the other components of the immune system were not known until the 1980s. The discovery of these relationships was made by the Russian zoologist Ilya Ilya Ilych Mechnkov, who was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on phagogenesis. Mechnakov proposed that phgocytes were a primary defense against invading organisms. He went on to extend his observations to thewhite blood cells of mammals and discovered that the bacterium Bacillus anthracis could be engulfed and killed by phgocytotic cells. He discovered that fungal spores that attacked the animal were destroyed by phags.
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This page is based on the article Phagocyte published in Wikipedia (as of Nov. 14, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
