The Preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory statement that sets out guidelines, which guide the people of the nation. It was adopted on 26 November 1949 by the Constituent Assembly and came into effect on 26 January 1950. The words ‘sovereign democratic republic’ and ‘unity of the Nation’ were later passed by a Captive Parliament during The Emergency in the 42nd Amendment.
About Preamble to the Constitution of India in brief
The Preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory statement that sets out guidelines, which guide the people of the nation. It was adopted on 26 November 1949 by the Constituent Assembly and came into effect on 26 January 1950. The Supreme Court of India originally stated in the Berubari case that the preamble is not an integral part of the Indian constitution, and therefore it is not enforceable in a court of law. However, the same court, in the 1973 Kesavananda case, over-ruled earlier decisions and recognised that thepreamble may be used to interpret ambiguous areas of the constitution where differing interpretations present themselves. In the 1995 case of Union Government Vs LIC of India, the Supreme Court once again held that the Preambles is an integral parts of the Constitution. The preamBLE was amended only once on 18 December 1976, with most of the opposition being jailed during the Emergency in India. The words ‘sovereign democratic republic’ and ‘unity of the Nation’ were later passed by a Captive Parliament during The Emergency in the 42nd Amendment. According to the preemble, the constitution of India has been pursuance of the people’s solemn resolution to constitute India into a ‘Sign Democratic Republic’, and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;EQUALITY of status and of opportunity, and to promote among them all,FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity of theNation.
The Preamble was designed and decorated by the renowned painter Beohar Rammanohar Sinha of Jabalpur who was at Shantiniketan with Acharya Nandalal Bose at that time. The calligraphy was done by Prem Behari Narain Raizada. It is taken from the 5th article of the D.C. constitution of Ireland, which is called the ‘Sovereign Dictatorship of Ireland’ According to D.B. Basu, the word ‘sovereign’ means that the power is shifted to the elected representatives of the citizens of the country. But in contemporary governments, which mostly prevail in republican form, that power is in the person of the monarchs, which are mostly in republican governments, such as in the UK and the U.S. It means that it has the power to legislate on any subject; and that it is. not subject to the control of any external State.
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