Nikita Zotov

Count Nikita Moiseevich Zotov: The Tutor Who Shaped a Tsar

Nikita Moiseevich Zotov (1644 – December 1717) was more than just a tutor to the future Tsar Peter I; he was a lifelong friend and confidant. But how did this relationship begin, and what impact did it have on both men’s lives? Let’s dive into the story of Zotov and his role in shaping one of Russia’s most influential rulers.

From Moscow to Crimea: A Diplomatic Mission

Zotov left the bustling city of Moscow for a three-year diplomatic mission to Crimea in 1680. This journey marked a significant chapter in his life, but what exactly did he do there? Was it purely a political mission, or was there more to it than meets the eye?

The All-Joking, All-Drunken Synod of Fools and Jesters

Upon returning from Crimea, Zotov became part of Peter’s inner circle. He was appointed as ‘Prince-Pope’ of The All-Joking, All-Drunken Synod of Fools and Jesters. This group was known for its mock celebrations and drunken revelries. But why did Peter form such a peculiar institution? Was it just for fun, or did it serve a deeper purpose in his court?

Education and Influence

Peter’s education began at the tender age of 12 under Zotov’s tutelage. The day after Zotov was appointed, Peter started learning the alphabet and the Prayer Book. But what else did he learn? Did Zotov teach him only religious texts or did he also impart knowledge about history, battles, and foreign lands?

Zotov’s lessons were not limited to religious teachings; he expanded his curriculum to include Russian history, battles, heroes, and even foreign cities, palaces, sailing ships, weapons, and historical events. He brought in informal tutors for subjects like royal and military history, blacksmithing, carpentry, joinery, and printing. How did these lessons shape Peter’s future as a ruler?

A Lifelong Friendship

Zotov was not just a tutor but also one of Peter’s earliest and closest friends. Their relationship extended beyond the classroom, influencing each other in profound ways. But how did Zotov’s role evolve over time? Did he continue to hold significant positions within the Tsar’s court?

From Tutor to Count

Zotov was appointed head of the Privy Council in 1701 and elevated to the rank of count in 1710. He oversaw the Governing Senate a year later, solidifying his position as one of Peter’s most trusted advisors. But what were some of his notable achievements during this period? Did he play a crucial role in any significant events?

A Controversial Marriage

In 1715, Zotov married a woman who was 50 years his junior. This union sparked controversy and even led to legal disputes over his estate after his death. Was this marriage purely for love or did it serve some political purpose? How did Peter react to this news?

Legacy and Death

Zotov passed away in December 1717 due to unspecified causes, leaving behind a legacy that continues to intrigue historians. His widow married Peter Buturlin on January 28, 1715, with the Jolly Company leading an unconventional procession. Did this wedding serve as a final jest or did it hold deeper meaning?

Count Nikita Moiseevich Zotov’s life was a blend of education, friendship, and political intrigue. His role in shaping Peter I’s early years and his later influence on the Tsar’s court make him an intriguing figure in Russian history.