John Brown (abolitionist)
John H. Brown was an American abolitionist leader. He led anti-slavery volunteers during the Bleeding Kansas crisis of the late 1850s. Brown led a raid on the federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, intending to start a slave liberation movement. He was found guilty of all counts and was hanged on December 2, 1859.
About John Brown (abolitionist) in brief
John H. Brown was an American abolitionist leader. He led anti-slavery volunteers during the Bleeding Kansas crisis of the late 1850s. In October 1859, Brown led a raid on the federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, intending to start a slave liberation movement. He was found guilty of all counts and was hanged on December 2, 1859. He is both memorialized as a heroic martyr and visionary, compared sometimes with Moses or Christ, and vilified as a madman and a terrorist. Brown said repeatedly that all of his anti-Slavery activities were in accordance with the Golden Rule. He said the most famous sentence in the Declaration of Independence—all men are created equal—\”meant the same thing\”. He was the hero and icon of the North; from 1859 until Lincoln’s assassination in 1865, he was the mostfamous American. The new song \”John Brown’s Body\”, that portrayed him as a Heroic martyr whose \”truth is marching on\” was the origin of the \”Battle Hymn of the Republic\”. Newly-freed blacks walked to the same song, and they lowered their voices speaking of Brown, as if he were a saint. Brown’s father, Owen Brown, was a supporter of the Oberlin Institute in its early stage, but ultimately critical of the school’s teaching. Owen Brown withdrew from the Congregational church in the 1840s with its focus on the pursuit of personal righteousness. John studied at the school of the famous abolitionist Elizur Wright in Hudson, Ohio.
His father was one of the founders of the Western Reserve College and Preparatory School in nearby Tallmadge, which would soon be torn apart by the issue of slavery. John Brown was the fourth of the eight children of Owen Brown and Ruth Mills and grandson of Capt. John Brown. In 1805, the family moved to Hudson,Ohio, where Owen Brown opened a tannery. Owen participated fully in the anti- slavery activity and debate, and offered a safe house to Underground Railroad fugitives. He died in 1855, and his son, John Brown, Jr., became a prominent abolitionist and later a member of the National Board of Review of the Sons of the American Civil War. He also became a well-known abolitionist, and served as a trustee of theaughters of the Confederacy and the National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C. He died on November 14, 1881, at the age of 83. He had a son, James Brown, who died in 1913, and a daughter, Mary Brown. Brown is buried in the town of Hudson, where he had lived since 1805 and had been active in the abolitionist movement for more than 50 years. He never officially joined another church, but he was a fairly conventional evangelical for the period with his father’s focus on personal righteousness for its pursuit of the righteousness of the church.
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