The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol e− or β−, whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge. Electrons are involved in many applications such as electronics, welding, cathode ray tubes, electron microscopes, radiation therapy, lasers, gaseous ionization detectors and particle accelerators. In 1838, British natural philosopher Richard Laming first hypothesized the concept of an indivisible quantity of electric charge to explain the chemical properties of atoms.
About Electron in brief
The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol e− or β−, whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge. Electrons are involved in many applications such as electronics, welding, cathode ray tubes, electron microscopes, radiation therapy, lasers, gaseous ionization detectors and particle accelerators. The antiparticle of the electron is called the positron; it is identical to the electron except that it carries electrical charge of the opposite sign. When an electron collides with a positron, both particles can be annihilated, producing gamma ray photons. In 1838, British natural philosopher Richard Laming first hypothesized the concept of an indivisible quantity of electric charge to explain the chemical properties of atoms. Between 1838 and 1851, British philosopher Richard. Laming developed the idea that an atom is composed of a core of subatomic particles surrounded by a unit of electric charges. He gave them the modern charge nomenclature of positive and negative, respectively, but he did not correctly identify which situation was a surplus of charge and which was a deficit. These two fluids can combined when combined to create electrical fluid, but a single electrical fluid showing an excess or deficit of charge is the modern term for this type of fluid. In the early 1700s, French chemist Charles François du Fay found that if a charged gold-leaf is repulsed by glass rubbed with silk, then the same charge is attracted by amber rubbed with wool. In his 1600 treatise De Magnete, the English scientist William Gilbert coined the New Latin term electrica, to refer to those substances with property similar to that of amber which attract small objects after being rubbed.
Both electric and electricity are derived from the Latin ēlectrum, which came from the Greek word for amber, ἤλαξά. The ancient Greeks noticed that amber attracted small objects when rubbed with fur, Along with lightning, this phenomenon is one of humanity’s earliest recorded experiences with electricity. Electrons can be created through beta decay of radioactive isotopes and in high-energy collisions, for instance when cosmic rays enter the atmosphere. Special telescopes can detect electron plasma in outer space. Electron plasma can also participate in nuclear reactions, such as nucleosynthesis in stars, where they are known as beta particles. The Coulomb force interaction between the positive protons within atomic nuclei and the negative electrons without, allows the composition of the two known as atoms. The exchange or sharing of the electrons between two or more atoms is the main cause of chemical bonding. The interaction between electrons and protons is of interest in fields such as chemistry and nuclear physics. The wave properties of electrons are easier to observe with experiments than those of other particles like neutrons andprotons because electrons have a lower mass and hence a longer de Broglie wavelength for a given energy. Laboratory instruments are capable of trapping individual electrons as well as electron plasma by the use of electromagnetic fields.
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