Diamond
Diamond is a solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. At room temperature and pressure, graphite is the chemically stable form of carbon, but diamond almost never converts to it. Most natural diamonds have ages between 1 billion and 3. 5 billion years. Synthetic diamonds can be grown from high-purity carbon under high pressures and temperatures or from hydrocarbon gas by chemical vapor deposition. Imitation diamonds can also be made out of materials such as cubic zirconia and silicon carbide.
About Diamond in brief
Diamond is a solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. At room temperature and pressure, graphite is the chemically stable form of carbon, but diamond almost never converts to it. Because the arrangement of atoms in diamond is extremely rigid, few types of impurity can contaminate it. Small numbers of defects or impurities color diamond blue, yellow, brown, green, purple, pink, orange or red. Most natural diamonds have ages between 1 billion and 3. 5 billion years. Synthetic diamonds can be grown from high-purity carbon under high pressures and temperatures or from hydrocarbon gas by chemical vapor deposition. Imitation diamonds can also be made out of materials such as cubic zirconia and silicon carbide. Diamonds have been adapted for many uses because of the material’s exceptional physical characteristics. It is the hardest and least compressible. It has the highest thermal conductivity and the highest sound velocity. Its optical transparency extends from the far infrared to the deep ultraviolet and it has high optical dispersion. At high pressures, diamond melting increases slowly but at pressures of hundreds of GPa, the transition is predicted to occur at 1100GPa. Since large quantities of metallic fluid can affect the magnetic field, this could serve as an explanation as to why the poles of Uranus and Neptune contain oceans of liquid carbon. Both planets are made up approximately 10 percent of carbon and could hypothetically serve as geographic poles of magnetic fields.
The extreme and temperatures required for this to occur are present in the gas giants of Neptune and Uranus, and could be used to explain the magnetic poles of these planets as well as the magnetic fields of the Earth’s poles. It also has a high density, ranging from 3150 to 3530 kilograms per cubic metre in natural diamonds and 3520 kgm3 in pure diamond. At normal temperature and. 1 standard atmosphere, the stable phase of carbon is graphite, butDiamond is metastable and its rate of conversion to graphite is negligible. However, at temperatures above about 4500 K, diamond rapidly converts tographite. At 0 K and 1 standard. atmosphere, diamond is a metallic fluid and behaves as a metallic. fluid at ultra-high pressures. This is why diamond anvil cells can subject materials to pressures found deep in the Earth. They are also used in major industrial applications such as cutting and polishing tools. They are used to create diamond-like anvils for cutting tools and other industrial applications. They can be found in the UK, the U.S. and Australia. and Canada. They have a similar structure to a diamond cubic structure, and a similar body-centered cubic structure is predicted for carbon at high pressures. They also have the same structure for silicon and germanium and g g8 body-center cubic structure. They were formed at depths between 150 and 250 kilometres in the. Earth’s mantle, although a few have come from as deep as 800 kilometres.
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This page is based on the article Diamond published in Wikipedia (as of Nov. 10, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
