The 1973 Arab–Israeli War was fought from October 6 to 25, 1973. It was fought by a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria against Israel. The 1978 Camp David Accords that followed led to the return of the Sinai to Egypt and normalized relations with Israel. It also paved the way for the subsequent peace process, which ended in 1993.
About Yom Kippur War in brief
The 1973 Arab–Israeli War was fought from October 6 to 25, 1973. It was fought by a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria against Israel. The war took place mostly in Sinai and the Golan, occupied by Israel during the 1967 Six-Day War. The 1978 Camp David Accords that followed led to the return of the Sinai to Egypt and normalized relations with Israel. It also paved the way for the subsequent peace process, which ended in 1993. The conflict was part of the Arab–Israel conflict, an ongoing dispute that included many battles and wars since 1948. The U.S. and the Soviet Union initiated massive resupply efforts to their respective allies during the war, and these efforts led to a near-confrontation between the two nuclear superpowers. The Arab world had experienced humiliation in the lopsided rout of the Egyptian–Syrian–Jordanian alliance in the Six-day War but felt psychologically vindicated by early successes in this conflict. The Israeli government rejected a permanent peace settlement and returned to the boundaries and the situation before the war. It insisted on direct negotiations with the Arab governments as opposed to accepting a third party as the third party. This decision was not made at the time, nor was it conveyed to any Arab state. No formal proposal was made either directly or indirectly by Israel, nor did the Americans, who were not briefed of the decision by Eban, corroborate his claim that it was made by the Cabinet. No solid evidence that this was indeed the case, but there seems to be no solid evidence to corroborate Eban’s claim that he made this claim, and there is no evidence that the decision was made directly or indirect by Israel or the Americans were briefed of it.
The Israelis then counter-attacked at the seam between the Egyptian armies, crossed the Suez Canal into Egypt, and began slowly advancing southward and westward towards the city of Suez in over a week of heavy fighting that resulted in heavy casualties on both sides. On October 22, a United Nations–brokered ceasefire unraveled, with each side blaming the other for the breach. By October 24, the Israelis had improved their positions considerably and completed their encirclement of Egypt’s Third Army and the cityof Suez. This development led to tensions between the United States and theSoviet Union, and a second ceasefire was imposed cooperatively on October 25 to end the War. It led to Israel recognizing that, despite impressive operational and tactical achievements on the battlefield, there was no guarantee that they would always dominate the Arab states militarily, as they had consistently through the earlier 1948 Arab– Israeli War, the Sued Crisis, and the Six Day War. In June 1967, Israel had captured Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula, roughly half of Syria’s Golan Heights, and the territories of the West Bank which had been held by Jordan since 1948, and returned them to Egypt. On June 19, 1967, the Israeli government voted to return the Sinai.
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This page is based on the article Yom Kippur War published in Wikipedia (as of Jan. 04, 2021) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
