Caliphate
A caliphate is an Islamic state under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph. Historically, the caliphates were polities based on Islam which developed into multi-ethnic trans-national empires. The first caliphate, the Rāshidun Caliphate, immediately succeeded Muhammad after his death in 632. The Caliphate was abolished by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey on 3 March...