Structural history of the Roman military
Rome’s military organization underwent substantial structural change. At the highest level of structure, the forces were split into the Roman army and the Roman navy. The army consisted of exactly 3,000 infantry and 300 horsemen. Warriors served under six leaders of division, who in turn served under a general.
About Structural history of the Roman military in brief
From its origins around 800 BC to its final dissolution in AD 476, Rome’s military organization underwent substantial structural change. At the highest level of structure, the forces were split into the Roman army and the Roman navy. The army consisted of exactly 3,000 infantry and 300 horsemen, one third from each of Rome’s three founding tribes. Warriors served under six leaders of division, who in turn served under a general, usually in the person of the reigning King. During this period, military service was, at all levels, considered a civic responsibility and a way of advancing one’s status within society. The latter were excluded from the regular battle line of battle on the basis that their equipment was of crude, crude quality, says historian Theodor Mommsen. It is more accurate to say that the army’s structure was slightly refined during this period rather than radically reformed to these reforms. The army was further stratified thereafter based upon the social class of proper citizens, collectively known as adsidui in Latin as “tasse” (trouble) or “sorcerer” in Greek. The Roman army of the Roman Kingdom period that followed the Etruscan capture of the city was based on the first Roman census of all citizens. It consisted of a number of types of troop types, such as infantry, cavalry, arquites and pilumni, with a smaller number possibly serving as arquite. The army may also have contained the earliest form of chariots, hinted at by references to the flexuntes.
By the beginning of the 7th century BC, the Iron-Age ETruscan civilization was dominant in the region. Like most of the other peoples in the area, the Romans warred against the ETruscans. The Romans had lost their struggle for independence, and theEtruscans had conquered Rome, establishing a military dictatorship, or kingdom, in the city. The sources for this period cannot therefore be seen as reliable, as they can be for later military history, e.g. from the First Punic War onwards. According to our surviving narratives, the three kings of Rome during the E Truscan occupation were Tarquinius Priscus, Servius Tullius, andTarquinius Superbus. This reformation is traditionally attributed to the second of the E truscan kings. During this time, the army underwent a reformation into a centurial army based on socio-economic class, perhaps perhaps perhaps created by the census of the rich and the infra clra clasis in the first century BC. During the reforms, the poorest citizens in Rome were richer and richer and poorer and their poorer and poorer quality equipment was used on the battle basis that was that was used for the battle on that basis on the regular line of battles. These changes can be divided into four distinct phases. The changes occurred as a result of both positive military reform and organic structural evolution.
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