Nineteen Eighty-Four
Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel, often published as 1984, is a dystopian social science fiction novel by English novelist George Orwell. It was published on 8 June 1949 by Secker & Warburg as Orwell’s ninth and final book completed in his lifetime. The story takes place in an imagined future, the year 1984, when much of the world has fallen victim to perpetual war and propaganda.
About Nineteen Eighty-Four in brief
Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel, often published as 1984, is a dystopian social science fiction novel by English novelist George Orwell. It was published on 8 June 1949 by Secker & Warburg as Orwell’s ninth and final book completed in his lifetime. The story takes place in an imagined future, the year 1984, when much of the world has fallen victim to perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance, historical negationism, and propaganda. Parallels have been drawn between the novel’s subject matter and real life instances of totalitarianism, mass surveillance, and violations of freedom of expression among other themes. It also popularised the term \”Orwellian\” as an adjective, with many terms used in the novel entering common usage, including \”Big Brother\”, \”doublethink\”, \”thoughtcrime\”, \”Newspeak”, and “telescreen” It was placed on the Modern Library’s 100 Best Novels, reaching No. 13 on the editors’ list and No. 6 on the readers’ list. In 2003, the novel was listed at No. 8 on The Big Read survey by the BBC. The Last Man in Europe was an early title for the novel, but in a letter dated 22 October 1948 to his publisher Fredric Warburg, eight months before publication, Orwell wrote about hesitating between that title and Nineteen E eighty-Four. Orwell wrote most of the actual book on the Scottish island of Jura from 1947 to 1948 despite being seriously ill with tuberculosis. On 4 December 1948, he sent the final manuscript to the publisher Secker and Warburg to be published on8 June 1949.
It has been either banned or legally challenged as subversive or ideologically corrupting, like the dystopian novels We by Yevgeny Zevitov and Brave New World by Karin Huxley. The most fateful date in literature was a late late June 1982, when the First World War was declared a state of emergency in the UK. The year is a significant date in The Iron Heel by Heel, which mocks K Chesterton’s 1904 political satire The Napoleon of Notting Hill, which opens with the art of prophecy, and also opens in 1984. But all of these coincidences are exposed as no more than coincidences by the early drafts of the novel. The novel has become a classic literary example of political and dystopian fiction, and has been listed on Time’s 100 best English-language novels from 1923 to 2005. Time included it on its 100 best British novels from 1921 to 2005, and in 2003, it was listed on the BBC’s Big Read Survey as No.8 on the list of the best books of the year. The protagonist, Winston Smith is a diligent and skillful rank-and-file worker and Outer Party member who secretly hates the Party and dreams of rebellion. He enters into a forbidden relationship with a colleague, Julia, and starts to remember what life was like before the Party came to power. Orwell modelled the authoritarian government in his novel after Stalinist Russia.
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