Coyote is a loanword from Mexican Spanish that usually refers to a kind of North American wild dog. Migrants pay coyotes a fee to guide them across the border. Fees are normally collected once the migrant arrives at a predetermined destination. Since the 1990s, the proportion of migrants who hire coyotes has increased drastically.
About Coyote (person) in brief
Coyote is a loanword from Mexican Spanish that usually refers to a kind of North American wild dog. Migrants pay coyotes a fee to guide them across the border. Fees are normally collected once the migrant arrives at a predetermined destination. Since the 1990s, the proportion of migrants who hire coyotes has increased drastically as a result of intensified surveillance along the border, writes David Frum. The Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 and Immigration Act of 1885 cut the flow of foreign labor force dramatically and created labour shortages in the south-western and western regions of the country. U.S. employer demand for Mexican workers rose and by 1884 supply was guaranteed when the railway connection of El Paso, Texas, with Mexico was completed. The illegal migratory crossings were largely unregulated and accepted as de facto acceptable practices. The U. S Immigration Acts of 1917 and 1924 required foreign individuals crossing the border to take literacy tests, undergo medical exams, and pay head taxes and visa fees. The new requirements “combined with the creation of the Border Patrol in 1924, prompted thousands of Mexican migrants to cross the Rio Bravo surreptitiously to enter the country’s borders. ” As a direct result, demand for coyotes grew exponentially. The practice received international attention in 1940 when a “delivery truck got into an accident, resulting in twenty-four Mexican migrant injuries and twenty-nine fatalities, including eleven children, including 11 children, ” Frum writes.
“Man-snatchers” would kidnap Mexican workers from one company and deliver them to a competing firm. During the Great Depression, coyotes continued to profit despite demand for cotton harvesters used coyote to recruit about 400,000 workers by the end of the 1930s, two-thirds of which were Mexican migratory workers. The Bracero Program in 1942 resulted in a greater demand for guest-worker contracts than there were there to give Mexican laborers to give a greater number of Mexican laborers in the United States. The program ended in 1942 when the Mexican government sought to end the coyote program by implementing a program to end labor-brokerage coyote, by implementing the BrACero Program. It can be argued that enganchadores are an ancestor of the modern-day coyote. In his study on Mexican migration, anthropologist Manuel Gamio details the process. ‘These people know their ground thoroughly… and sometimes even have an arrangement with some district official… ’ The prevalent use of false documents, or “leased” legitimate documents, contributed to the success.
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This page is based on the article Coyote (person) published in Wikipedia (as of Dec. 04, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
