Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist. He developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics. His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921 for his work on relativity, Brownian motion, quantum theory and statistical mechanics.
About Albert Einstein in brief
Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist. He developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics. His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. He is best known to the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which has been dubbed \”the world’s most famous equation\”. He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect. He also investigated the thermal properties of light and the quantum theory of radiation, which laid the foundation of the photon theory of light. Einstein was affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, until his death in 1955. Because of his Jewish background, Einstein did not return to Germany. He settled in the United States and became an American citizen in 1940. On the eve of World War II, he endorsed a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt alerting him to the potential German nuclear weapons program and recommending that the US begin similar research. Einstein supported the Allies, but generally denounced the idea of nuclear weapons. His intellectual achievements and originality have made the word ‘genius’ synonymous with ‘Einstein’ He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921 for his work on relativity, Brownian motion, quantum theory and statistical mechanics. He died in New Jersey in 1955 at the age of 76. He was buried in Mount Sinai, New York City, with his wife, J.S.
Boudreaux, and their three children, Maximilian, Erich, Albert and Edith, in Einstein’s birthplace of Württemberg, Germany. The family moved to Munich in 1880, where Einstein’s uncle Jakob and his uncle founded Elektrotechnische Fabrik J. & Cie. Einstein founded a company that manufactured electrical equipment based on direct current. In 1894, Hermann and Jakob’s company lost a bid to supply the city of Munich with electrical lighting because they lacked the capital to convert their equipment from direct current to the more efficient alternating current standard. At age eight, he was transferred to the Lpold Gymnasium, where he advanced primary and secondary school until he left the German Empire in 1894. In 1900, he received his academic teaching diploma from the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zürich in 1900. The following year, he acquired Swiss citizenship, which he kept for his entire life. After initially struggling to find work, from 1902 to 1909 he was employed as a patent examiner at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern. In 1905, called his annus mirabilis, he published four groundbreaking papers which attracted the attention of the academic world. In 1914, Einstein was elected to the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin. He continued to deal with problems of statistical mechanics and quantum theory, which led to his explanations of particle theory and the motion of molecules. In 1916, he introduced his theory of gravitation.
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