U. Muthuramalingam Thevar
Muthuramalinga Thevar was born on 30 October 1908,Pasumpon, Ramnad District 1910 onwards. He was a socialist and sometime a colleague of Subhas Chandra Bose. Thevar led protests against the Criminal Tribes Act, which was enacted in 1920 by the government of the Madras Presidency.
About U. Muthuramalingam Thevar in brief
Muthuramalinga Thevar was born on 30 October 1908,Pasumpon, Ramnad District 1910 onwards. He was a socialist and sometime a colleague of Subhas Chandra Bose. Thevar led protests against the Criminal Tribes Act, which was enacted in 1920 by the government of the Madras Presidency. He won a landslide victory against a powerful opponent in the 1937 election. He died on 6 June 1939, at the age of 48. He is buried in the Pasumpon Cemetery, in the town of Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India. His son, Muthu Thevar, is the current president of the Congress Socialist Party of India (CSPI), which he founded in 1936. He also served as a Deputy Chairman of the All India Forward Bloc, of which he was national Deputy Chairman from 1952, and was elected three times to the national Parliamentary Constituency. He has been described as the ‘father of the Indian socialist movement’ and ‘the father of the modern Indian socialist party’ He is survived by his wife and two children. He had a son and a daughter, both of whom died in the early 1980s. He lived in the same town as his father, Pasump on the banks of the River Tungaadu, in Tamil Nadu. His daughter died in a car accident in 1998, aged 83, and his son died in 2005, aged 89. He left behind a wife and a son, who died in 2011, aged 90, and two daughters, who are now in their 60s and 70s.
His great-nephew is the former Prime Minister of India, N. R. Narayana, who is also a member of the CSPI. He served as the President of the Tamil Nadu Pradesh Congress Committee (T.N.P.C.C). He was also a former Member of Parliament (MP) for the district of Mudukulathur and the constituency of Rajapalyam. He fought against the Justice Party government’s refusal to revoke the CTA, which had been passed in 1920. In 1934, Thevar organised a convention at Abhiramam, which urged the authorities to repeal the Act. He led a massive campaign in the villages, urging the people to defy it. The authorities partially withdrew, and reduced the number of CTA registrations in the concerned areas from around 2000 to 341. After returning from a trip to Burma in 1936, he began to work to strengthen the Congress in the southern areas of the Presidency. In February 1937, he contested the assembly election, as a candidate in the Raja of Raja constituency, which he won with 11942 votes against 6057 for Raja Raja. After the election, he made a bid to be elected the president of. the District Board, as did P. S. Kumarasamy, the Rajasam, but he was persuaded to withdraw his candidature by the Congress.
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