Corinthian War
The Corinthian War was fought from 395 BC until 387 BC. It pitted Sparta against a coalition of Thebes, Athens, Corinth and Argos, backed by the Achaemenid Empire. The war was fought on two fronts, on land near Corinth and Thebes and at sea in the Aegean. Sparta achieved several early successes in major battles, but were unable to capitalize on their advantage. The King’s Peace, also known as the Peace of Antalcidas, was signed in 387 BC, ending the war.
About Corinthian War in brief
The Corinthian War was fought from 395 BC until 387 BC. It pitted Sparta against a coalition of Thebes, Athens, Corinth and Argos, backed by the Achaemenid Empire. The war was fought on two fronts, on land near Corinth and Thebes and at sea in the Aegean. Sparta achieved several early successes in major battles, but were unable to capitalize on their advantage, and the fighting soon became stalemated. The King’s Peace, also known as the Peace of Antalcidas, was signed in 387 BC, ending the war. The effects of the war were to establish Persia’s ability to interfere successfully in Greek politics, to atomize and isolate from one another Greek city states, and to affirm Sparta’s hegemonic position in the Greek political system. It was succeeded by the Theban–Spartan War of 378–362 BC, in which Sparta would finally lose its hegemony, this time to Thebes. In the Peloponnesian War, which had ended in 404 BC, Sparta had enjoyed the support of nearly every mainland Greek state and the Persian Empire, and in the months and years following that war, a number of island states had come under its control. Despite the collaborative nature of the victory, SpartA alone received the plunder taken from the defeated states and the tribute payments from the former Athenian Empire. After the war, the Spartan king Agesilaus campaigned effectively against the Persians in Lydia, advancing as far inland as Sardis.
Thebes refused to send troops to assist Sparta in its campaign against Elis, and refused to participate in a Spartan expedition to Ionia in 398 BC, with the Thebans going so far as to disrupt a sacrifice that the Spartans attempted to perform in their territory before his departure. In 402 BC, Spartan forces defeated Elis and subdued it, but they were later driven out by the satrap Tissaphernes, who was executed for his failure to contain Agesilus. The Spartan king then moved north, into the satrapsy of Pharnabazus, Hellespontine Phrygia, and began preparing a sizable navy. He dispatched Timocrates of Rhodes to incite trouble on the Greek mainland. According to Plutarch, Timocrates visited the major cities and succeeded in persuading powerful factions in each of those states to pursue an anti-Sparta policy to leave Asia Minor, leaving Asia upon leaving Sparta. The Sparta king said to Xenophon, who undertook to bring about a war against Sparta, that he had previously demonstrated their antipathy towards their claims to Asia Minor. This was a reference to the Greek nickname for the Darics, which means ‘Archers’ from their obverse design, because that was the name given to the Persian archers to drive Sparta out of Asia Minor in the 5th century BC. In 398BC, the Spartans were driven out of the region by a force of 10,000 archers.
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This page is based on the article Corinthian War published in Wikipedia (as of Dec. 08, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
