The Laconian War of 195 BC was fought between the Greek city-state of Sparta and a coalition composed of Rome, the Achaean League, Pergamum, Rhodes, and Macedon. The battle was the first of the so-called “Triad Wars” in which Sparta fought against the Romans, the Greeks and the Macedonians. The last Sparta king, Nabis was killed by his own troops in the battle of Peloponnese in the 4th century BC.
About War against Nabis in brief
The Laconian War of 195 BC was fought between the Greek city-state of Sparta and a coalition composed of Rome, the Achaean League, Pergamum, Rhodes, and Macedon. Sparta’s continued occupation of Argos at the end of war was used as a pretext for Rome and its allies to declare war. The anti-Spartan coalition laid siege to Argos, captured the Spartan naval base at Gythium, and soon invested and besieged Sparta itself. Eventually, negotiations led to peace on Rome’s terms, under which Argos and the coastal towns of Laconia were separated from Sparta. The Spartans were compelled to pay a war indemnity to Rome over the next eight years. As a result of the war, Sparta lost its position as a major power in Greece. Subsequent Spartan attempts to recover the losses failed and Nabis, the last sovereign ruler, was eventually murdered. Nabis’ rule was largely based on the rebuilding of the military forces of Lacedaemonia. The Sparta had traditionally been based on levies of full citizens, supported by lightly armed armed helots. From several thousands in the times of the Gre-Persian Wars, the numbers of full citizen Spartans had declined to a few hundred times in the last hundred times of Cleomenes III. There were possibly several reasons for the decline of numbers, which one of which was that every Spartan who wasn’t able to pay his share in the syssitia lost his full citizenship, although this didn’t exclude his offspring from taking part in the respectable part of the hop-coop in the Gregean Wars.
The last Sparta king, Nabis was killed by his own troops in the battle of Peloponnese in the 4th century BC. He was the last Spartan king to be killed by a Spartan soldier, and the last one to die in battle was Machanidas in the 3rd century BC, in the Battle of Thermopylae. The battle was the first of the so-called “Triad Wars” in which Sparta fought against the Romans, the Greeks and the Macedonians. The Roman army did not withdraw from Greece, but instead sent garrisons to various strategic locations across Greece to secure its interests. In return for his assistance in the war against Macedon, Rome accepted Nabis’ possession of the polis ofArgos. In the Second Macedonian War, Philip of Macedon offered Sparta defecting from the Roman coalition and joining the Macedonian alliance. Nabis accepted and received control over Argos. When the war turned against Macedan, however, he rejoined theRoman coalition and sent 600 Cretan mercenaries to support the Roman army. Later, they were decisively defeated at Tegea and later, the Spartans were forced to check his expansionist ambitions for the time. In 201 BC he attacked the territory of Messene, at that time an ally of both parties, which SpartA had ruled until the mid 4th Century BC.
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