Brazil ordered the ship in 1911 as Rio de Janeiro from the British company Armstrong Whitworth. The collapse of Brazil’s rubber boom and a warming in relations with Argentina, the country’s chief rival, led to the ship’s sale while under construction to the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans renamed her Sultan Osman I, after the empire’s founder, and the ship was nearly complete when the First World War broke out. The British government seized her for use by the Royal Navy, together with another Ottoman dreadnought being constructed in Britain.
About HMS Agincourt (1913) in brief
Brazil ordered the ship in 1911 as Rio de Janeiro from the British company Armstrong Whitworth. However, the collapse of Brazil’s rubber boom and a warming in relations with Argentina, the country’s chief rival, led to the ship’s sale while under construction to the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans renamed her Sultan Osman I, after the empire’s founder, and the ship was nearly complete when the First World War broke out. The British government seized her for use by the Royal Navy, together with another Ottoman dreadnought being constructed in Britain. Renamed Agincourt, she joined the Grand Fleet in the North Sea. During the war, the ship spent the bulk of her time on patrols and exercises, although she did participate in the Battle of Jutland in 1916. She was put into reserve in 1919 and sold for scrap in 1922 to meet the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty. The Brazilian Navy had divided into two distinct factions, based on the size of the main battery. The outgoing naval minister favoured an increase over the 12-inch guns mounted on board the Minas Geraes class, while his incoming counterpart, Admiral Marques Leão, favoured keeping the smaller but faster-firing gun. By May 1911, Fonseca had found that my predecessor had signed a contract for the building of the vessel of 32,000 tons, with an armament of 14,000 guns in 14 turrets. When he assumed office, he said: “This was done, and we shall possess a powerful unit which will not be exaggerated…
We shall not have such a battleship as stood on such lines as stood as the time of the time” The ship was built in the early 1910s as part of a South American naval arms race, and was originally part of the Brazilian Navy’s fleet of dreadnoughts. She holds the distinction of mounting more heavy guns and more turrets than any other Dreadnought battleship, in keeping with the Brazilians’ requirement for an especially impressive design. In the early 20th century, Chile’s total naval tonnage was 36,896 long tons, Argentina’s 34,425 long tons, and Brazil’s 27,661 long tons — even though Brazil had nearly three times the population of Argentina and almost five times that of Chile. In March 1907, they signed a deal for three battleships. Two ships would be constructed immediately by the British companies ArmstrongWhitworth and Vickers, with the third to follow. They borrowed the necessary money, and Armstrong laid down Rio de Rio’s keel in March 1910. Other events probably influenced them, such as the November 1910 Revolt of the Lash, payments of the loans, and a worsening economy that had high budget deficits compounded by high debt compounded by budget deficits. By the end of the decade, Brazil had ordered three small battleships in 1906, but the launch of Dreadnough caused the Brazilian government to reconsider their purchase. The ships were built in 1911.
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