Genetics
Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. Gregor Mendel, a scientist and Augustinian friar working in the 19th century, was the first to study genetics scientifically. Modern genetics has expanded beyond inheritance to studying the function and behavior of genes.
About Genetics in brief
Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. Gregor Mendel, a scientist and Augustinian friar working in the 19th century, was the first to study genetics scientifically. Modern genetics has expanded beyond inheritance to studying the function and behavior of genes. Genetics has given rise to a number of subfields, including molecular genetics, epigenetics and population genetics. The word genetics stems from the ancient Greek genetikos meaning “generative’“. The observation that living things inherit traits from their parents has been used since prehistoric times to improve crop plants and animals through selective breeding. The importance of Mendel’s work did not gain wide understanding until after his death in 1900, when Hugo de Vries rediscovered the word genetics to describe his work on inheritance. After his death, William Bateson coined the word ‘genetics’ to describe Mendel’s study of inheritance in his inaugural address to the Third International Plant Hybridization Conference in London in 1906. Onslow Barlow, Nora Barlow and Muriel Barlowlow, among others, have popularized the term ‘ genetics’ in their work on the rediscovery of the word to describe the redslow redslow. The term is still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene, and refers to discrete ‘units of inheritance’, or ‘gene units’. It also refers to the way organisms inherit traits by way of discrete “units’ or “geneunits”, which are not always the same as ‘ genes’ but can be used to refer to different types of organisms, such as plants, animals, and humans.
The idea that individuals inherit a smooth blend of traits from parents is now known to be wrong, although evidence in the field of epigenetics has revived some aspects of Lamarck’S theory. It is also known that the experiences of individuals do not affect the genes they pass to their children, although this has been shown to be the case in some cases. The intracellular or extracellular environment of a living cell or organism may switch gene transcription on or off. A classic example is two seeds of genetically identical corn, one placed in a temperate climate and one in an arid climate. While the average height of the two corn stalks may be genetically determined to be equal, the one in the aridclimate only grows to half the height in the temperateClimate due to lack of water and nutrients in its environment. Blending of traits in the progeny is now explained by the action of multiple genes with quantitative effects. Mendel showed that traits are produced by combinations of distinct genes rather than a continuous blend. He suggested that Mendel suggested he was right about the pattern of inheritance of many simple rules and ratios of many traits could be explained through simple rules of inheritance.
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This page is based on the article Genetics published in Wikipedia (as of Nov. 30, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
