22nd Massachusetts Infantry Regiment
The 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Union army during the American Civil War. It was formed in Boston, Massachusetts, and established on September 28, 1861, for a term of three years. The regiment saw its first action during the Siege of Yorktown in April 1862. It suffered its worst casualties in terms of percentages during the Battle of Gettysburg.
About 22nd Massachusetts Infantry Regiment in brief
The 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Union army during the American Civil War. The 22nd Massachusetts was organized by Senator Henry Wilson and was therefore known as “Henry Wilson’s Regiment. It was formed in Boston, Massachusetts, and established on September 28, 1861, for a term of three years. Arriving in Washington in October 1861, the regiment spent the following winter in camp at Hall’s Hill, near Arlington in Virginia. It became part of the Army of the Potomac, with which it would be associated for its entire term of service. The regiment saw its first action during the Siege of Yorktown in April 1862. It suffered its worst casualties in terms of percentages during the Battle of Gettysburg. During the siege of Petersburg in October 1864, the 22nd was removed from the lines and sent home to Massachusetts. Of the 1,100 who initially belonged to the unit, only 125 returned at the end of their three years of service, and roughly 300 were killed in action or died from wounds received in action. About 500 were discharged due to wounds or disease, and approximately 175 were lost or discharged due. to capture, resignation, or desertion. Col. Jesse Gove, a Regular Army officer, had seen service in the Mexican–American War and, according to John Parker Parker, soon became the disciplinarian of the regiment. During its first winter of service,. Major General George B. McClellan, commanding the Northern Army of Virginia, determined to take the Confederate capital of Richmond via the Virginia Peninsula rather than fighting through the Northern Virginia peninsula.
During March 1862, Major General. John McClellen moved up to the peninsula and became the commanding officer of the Northern army of the peninsula. He was a strict disciplinarians and, as a result, became known as the “idol of the Regiment” Col. John Gove resigned his command over to Col. John H. Martindale’s brigade and was initially attached to the III Corps. On October 28, 1862, Col. Gove was transferred to the 3rd Regiment Massachusetts Light Artillery and the 2nd Company Massachusetts Sharpshooters. The 3rd Massachusetts became one of the few infantry units in the Civil War with attached artillery and sharpshooter. Many of the officers, and some of the enlisted men, had just completed an enlistment with early war regiments, including the 5th Massachusetts and the 6th Massachusetts. Five of the 10 companies were recruited in Boston. The remaining five came from Taunton, Roxbury, Woburn, Cambridge and Haverhill. The recruits of the 22th Massachusetts trained at a camp in Lynnfield, Massachusetts,. during September and left for the front, numbering 1,117, on October 8, 1861. The Regiment was signed into existence by Gov. John Andrew in September 1861. It arrived in Washington on October 11, and on October 13, marched across the PotOMac to go into winter camp at Halls Hill, just outside Arlington.
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