Galerina marginata
Galerina marginata, known colloquially as the funeral bell or the deadly skullcap, is a species of poisonous fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae of the order Agaricales. The fruit bodies of this fungus have brown to yellow-brown caps that fade in color when drying. The gills are brownish and give a rusty spore print. It is a wood-rotting fungus that grows predominantly on decaying conifer wood.
About Galerina marginata in brief
Galerina marginata, known colloquially as the funeral bell or the deadly skullcap, is a species of poisonous fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae of the order Agaricales. The fruit bodies of this fungus have brown to yellow-brown caps that fade in color when drying. The gills are brownish and give a rusty spore print. It is a wood-rotting fungus that grows predominantly on decaying conifer wood. An extremely poisonous species, it contains the same deadly amatoxins found in the death cap. Ingestion in toxic amounts causes severe liver damage with vomiting, diarrhea, hypothermia, and eventual death if not treated rapidly. About ten poisonings have been attributed to the species now grouped as G. marginata over the last century. The species is widespread in the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, North America, and Asia, and has also been found in Australia. The oldest of these names are Agaricus marginatus, described by August Batsch in 1789, andAgaricus unicolor, described in 1792. Galerina venenata was first identified as a species by A. H.Smith and Rolf Singer in their 1962 worldwide monograph on that genus. Another of the synonymous species, G. oregonensis, was first described in that monograph. In the fourth edition of Singer’s classification of the Agaricals, G marginata is the type species of section Naucoriopsis.
Within this section, G autumnalis and G.oregonense are stirpsorps, while G.unicolor and G venenata are Stirpsorpis. The results showed no genetic differences between G marginata and. G.Autumnalis. A study again failed using molecular methods, but reported that the two species are separate. In 2005, the species were found to be mating to separate to separate species, suggesting that the mating experiments are distinct. It includes small brown-spored mushrooms characterized by cap edges initially curved in curved, thin-walled, obtuse or acute-tended, or Naucoria or Pholiota discolor resembling Naucorps. A well-defined membranous ring is typically seen on the stems of young specimens but often disappears with age. In older fruit bodies, the caps are flatter and the gills and stems browner. The caps are not rounded at the top, but rounded and pleurocystended at the bottom of the fruiting body. The spores of this species are thin, oblong, oblique, and obtused, with thin, acute-walls or thin-tusely obliquely obtended or acute or obtusion-tendency. It has been described as a classic “little brown mushroom”—a catchall category that includes all small to medium-sized, hard-to-identify brownish mushrooms, and may be easily confused with several edible species.
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This page is based on the article Galerina marginata published in Wikipedia (as of Nov. 06, 2020) and was automatically summarized using artificial intelligence.
